Farley, Mowat’s “Never cry wolf” Essay Example for Free

Farley, Mowat’s â€Å"Never cry wolf† Essay Farley, Mowat’s â€Å"Never cry wolf,† is a book based on the research of the lifestyle of wolves in the Arctic Circle. Mowat uses his experience to educate the society of the social ills conducted by the hunters towards the wolves. The book displays the risk that the wolf pack families face due to the human activities in the area. The title of the book acts as a symbol in reference to the story of the boy who cried wolf. The book thus enables the reader to think beyond the tile so as to form an opinion of the author’s message. The book challenges the human communities who are in charge of the nature around them. Humans tend to overstep their authority by infringing on the rights of the wolves. The analysis of the book educates the society of the inhumane activities that humans are inflicting on the animals. Different passages from the book Interpretation of the passage and meaning I was born and grew up in the farm and never knew what it was to have all I wanted or needed as a teenager in the late 20s The author talks of his life as a child. He was exposed to animals at an early stage in life due to his parent’s lifestyle. This is a contributing factor to his love for animals. That night the inevitable happened. We were awakened by the most frightful uproar. It seemed to consist of furious barking of a dozen dogs mingled with the roaring of the menagerie of lions The passage elaborates the intensity of the nature that surrounds him. The conflict between the dogs and the lions displays the fight for power amongst the animals. Then there were the birds. That spring Angus had bought me a field guide and with its help, I identified forty species that were new to me. The author’s exposure to different bird species enabled him to identify with the different lifestyles that they had. Angus developed a love for all forms of wildlife which in turn made him aware of the plight that the animals had. My most cherished images of the mountain country were not of the forbidding peaks but of the animals The author admits that he has a special place for the animals. The country has a number of natural resources that are fascinating to any visitor. Amongst all these features, he places priority on animals making them his favorite pastime. Although I would now commit such atrocities against some of the most beautiful creatures extant, I cannot honestly censor the boy who was for what he did then The author admits that his actions are reflective to that of other men. His treatment of the animals is not desirable initially. He learns how to appreciate all sorts of animals making him an advocate for their livelihood. â€Å"The wolf is a savage, powerful killer. It is one of the most feared and hated animals known to man and with excellent reason† Chapter 6, pg. 60. The passage showcases the dangers that the wolf portrays. Human beings often misinterpret the actions of the wolf due to its dangerous nature. Despite the fact that the wolf continues to become extinct, it poses a threat to the human beings who live next to the packs. This makes the world undesirable by man. â€Å"Evidence obtained by various Government agencies from hunters, trappers and traders seemed to prove that the plunge of the caribou toward extinction was primarily†¦ The intervention by the government saw the danger that the wolves are exposed to. Human activities were mostly responsible for these dynamics making them the number on culprits. This also displayed possible extinction of the breed of wolves if authorities continued to ignore the circumstances. â€Å"I had made my decision that, from this hour onward, I would go open-minded into the lupine world and lean to see and know the wolves, not for what they were supposed to be, but for what they actually are† Chapter 7, pg. 77. Morwat made a personal decision to protect the wildlife from the outside environment. One of the steps he takes is orienting himself with the lives of the wolves. This involves learning about the exact nature of the wolves instead of forming an assumption about them. This in turn will help remove the ignorance that he had so as to improve society’s awareness of the wolves. In conclusion, human beings are responsible for the surrounding environment. This involves observing the safety of all animals in and outside the wild. This is however, not the case in that the number of wild animals continues to diminish due to the human activity. The wolves are one of the animals that continue to face the wrath of human beings. The analysis of the book is thus ideal for the education of the public. This in turn will improve the existing relationship between man and nature.

The History Of Harley Davidson Marketing Essay

The History Of Harley Davidson Marketing Essay Harley-Davidson  (formerly HD), often shortened  H-D  or  Harley, is an American  motorcycle maker. Founded in  Milwaukee, Wisconsin, during the first decade of the 20th century, it was one of two major American motorcycle manufacturers to survive the  Great Depression.   The company sells heavyweight (over 750cc) motorcycles designed for cruise on the  highway. Harley-Davidson is a reliable brand name  which keeps active events,functions a museum. Harley-Davidson logo accounts for almost 5% of the brand companys net revenue. In 1901,Mr.  William S. Harley, was the founder of this plans for a small engine with a design of 7.07  cubic inches (116 cc) and four-inch (102  mm) flywheels.The prototype of the new loop-frame Harley-Davidson was assembled in a 10  ÃƒÆ'-  15  ft (3.0  ÃƒÆ'-  4.6  m) shed in the Davidson family backyard. Most of the major parts, however, were made elsewhere, including some probably made-up at the West Milwaukee rail shops where oldest brother William A. Davidson was then  tool room  foreman. In 1906, Harley and the Davidson brothers built their first factory in Chestnut Street. still this location name Harley-Davidsons corporate headquarters  today. Harley davidson first manufacturing plant was a 40  ÃƒÆ'-  60  ft (12  ÃƒÆ'-  18  m) single-story wooden construction. this plant was produced aprox 50 motorcycles that year. In 1907, William S. Harley graduated from the  University of Wisconsin-Madison  with a degree of  mechanical engineering and the same year additional factory expansion came with a second floor and later with facings and editing of Milwaukee pale yellow brick. With the new services and stuff production increased to 150 motorcycles in 1907.They also began selling their motorcycles to police departments to others departments around this time, a market that always been important to them ever since. Harley davidson which was produced in 1905 n 1906 they all were in single cylinder with 26.84 cubic inches ( 440cc ) engines.in feb 1907 they manufactured V-Twin engine with 45 degrees and was displayed at the chicago Automobile showroom. between 1907 n 1910 a very few v twin model were built as well as shown and advertised.Harley davidson first V-Twins model displaced in 1907 and 1910 was 53.68  cubic inches (880 cc) and produced about 7  horsepower (5.2 kW). This gave about double the power of the first singles. Top speed was about 60  mph (100 km/h). and the company Production jumped from 450 motorcycles in 1908 to 1,149 machines in 1909. In 1911,some 150 motorcycles company had already been built in united stated so harley davidson improved V-Twin model was introduced for the market. The new V Twin engine had advance operated intake valves, as opposed to the automatic intake valves used on previous V-Twins that opened by engine vacuum. having displacement of 49.48  cubic inches (811 cc), the 1911 V-Twin was smaller than earlier twins, but gave better performance and good result. After 1913 the majority of bikes produced by Harley-Davidson would be V-Twin models. By 1913, Harley davidson improved there market so they demolished and constructed the yellow brick on the site a new 5-story structure of resistant concrete and red brick had been built for the new site.In spite of the competition with other brands, Harley-Davidson was the one who already pulling ahead of  Indians  and would dominate motorcycle racing after 1914. the manufactured that year swelled to 16,284 machines. Golden time period for the Harley-Davidson was in the 1920 become the largest motorcycle manufacturer in the world. and the dealer of the HD motorcycles were sold by dealers in 67 countries. Production was about nearly 28,189 machines. In 1921,Otto Walker who riddent harley davidson, he was the first motorcycle ridder ever to win a race at an average speed of over 100  mph (160 km/h). During the 1920s, several changing put in place for the race, such as a new 74 cubic inch (1200 cc) V-Twin, introduced in 1922, and as well the Teardrop gas tank in 1925. A front brake was added in 1928. In the late summer of 1929, Harley-Davidson introduced V twin flathead with 45  cubic inches (737 cc) to compete with the Indian 101 Scout  and the  Excelsior Super X.  This was belong to D model, produced from 1929 to 1931.  Riders of Indian motorcycles irreverently referred to this model as the three canister Harley because the generator was upright and parallel to the front cylinder.  The 2.745  in (69.7 mm) bore and 3.8125  in (96.8 mm) stroke would continue in most versions of the 750 engine; exceptions include the XA and the XR750. (Ref. by Harley-Davidson eNotes.com Reference ). The Great Depression After the introduction of their 45 cubic inch model  Great Depression  began a few months. Harley-Davidsons sales plummeted from 21,000 in 1929 to 3,703 in 1933. Despite those dismal numbers, Harley-Davidson proudly unveiled its lineup for 1934, which included a Art Deco Styling with flatthead. In order to survive the remainder of the Depression, the brand company manufactured industrial powerplants based on their motorcycle engines for the best output. They also designed and built a three-wheeled delivery vehicle called the  Servi-Car, which was based in production until 1973. Claims of stock Price Manipulation In late 1990s the golden time periods of the harley davidson was on the peak demand and early first decade of the 21st century, Harley-Davidson took a look on a program of expanding their dealerships throughout the 67 countries. At the mean time, its present dealers had waiting for the lists that extended up to a year for some of the most popular models. Harley-Davidson, like the auto manufacturers or the producers,they records the sale when it is deliverd to the dealer not when a consumer buys their product. Therefore, it is quite possible for the manufacturer to inflate sales numbers by requiring dealers to accept more inventory than desired in a practice called channel filling.This news led to a dramatic decline in the stock price when demad softened following the unique 2003 model year. Financial crisis In 2009 According to  Interbrand, the value of the Harley-Davidson fell by 43% to $4.34 billion. the company profits droped in 2009 in two quarters and which fall in value is believed to be connected to the 66% .  On April 29, 2010, Harley-Davidson explore alternate u.s site to achieve that they must cut the amount of $54million in modern cost from the production. The statement came in the wake of a massive company-wide reformation, which began in early 2009 and involved the closing of two factories, one distribution center, and the planned removal of nearly 25% of its total workforce (around 3,500 employees). (Ref by ridley choppers vs harley davidson Google Search) Softail Harleys strong value of tradition was based on these big-twin motorcycles. With the rear-wheel suspension hidden under the transmission, they are visually similar to the hardtail  choppers  popular in the 1960s and 1970s, as well as from their own earlier history. Harley davidson kept the tradition and made few amendments like, they offerd Softail models with Springer front ends and Heritage styling that integrate design cues from throughout their history. Dyna Dyna motorcycles feature age -old styling and big-twin engines. They can be distinguished from the Softail by the traditional coil-over delay that bonds the swingarm to the frame and from the Sportster by their larger engines. On these models, the program also houses the engines oil tank. In 2006, Harley-Davidson introduced their five best Dyna models: Super Glide, Super Glide Custom, Street Bob, Low Rider, and Wide Glide. In 2008, the Dyna Fat Bob was introduced the unique Dyna line-up featuring violent styling, featuring a new 2-1-2 tire out, having twin headlamps, a 180  mm rear tire and a 130  mm front exhaust. The Dyna family uses the 88 cubic inch twin cam from 99-06. From 2007-and on the dislodgment was increased to 96 cubic inches. This was the result of the factory increasing the hit to 4 3/8 inches. Sportster In 1957, the Sportster is the longest-running model family in the Harley-Davidson brand. They were prepared as racing motorcycles, and were popular on dirt and flat-track race courses through the 1960s and 1970s. Smaller and lighter than the older Harley models, contemporary Sportsters make use of 883  cc or 1,200  cc Evolution engines and though often modified, remain similar in appearance to their racing ancestors. In 2003 model year, the engine on the Sportster was rigidly attached to the frame. The 2004 Sportster taken a new frame featuring a rubber-mounted engine. Due to these ammendments these bike become heavier and reduced the available lean angle, it decreased the amount of vibration transmitted to the frame and the rider.  Just because of the rubber mounted engine it provides a significantly smoother ride for rider and passenger, for the longer trips. In the year 2007 , Harley-Davidson celebrated its 50th anniversary of the Sportster and introduced a limited edition called XL50, of which only 2000 were distributed for sale purpose among the dealers. Each motorcycle was individually camed in one of two colors, Mirage Pearl Orange or Vivid Black. In 2007, a new category having electronic fuel injection was introduced to the Sportster , and the Nightster model was introduced in mid-year. In 2009, Harley-Davidson added the Iron 883 to the Sportster line, the newest in the Dark Custom series. Environmental record According to the  Environmental Protection Agency  conducted emissions-certification and representative emissions test in Ann Arbor, Michigan, in 2005. Harley-Davidson produced an environmental warranty. The warranty ensures each owner that the vehicle is structured and built free of any defects in materials and workmanship that would cause the vehicle to not meet EPA standards.  In 2005, the EPA and the  Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection(PADEP) confirmed Harley-Davidson to be the first corporation to willingly enroll in the  One Clean-Up Program. This program is structured for the clean-up of the affected soil and groundwater at the former York Naval Ordnance Plant. The program is backed by the state and local government along with participating organizations and corporations. Harley-Davidson culture Harley-Davidson motorcycles have long been associated with the sub-cultures of the: Biker Motorcycle club Outlaw motorcycle clubs, bikers, one per centers Origin of Hog nickname In 1920, a team of farm boys, including  Ray Weishaar, who became known as the hog boys, continuously won races. The group had a live  hog  as their mascot. The HOG BOYS made the Harley towin the races and make a victory lap.  In 1983, the Motor Company introduced a club for owners of its product taking advantage of the long-standing nickname by turning hog into the acronym HOG., for Harley Owners Group. Harley-Davidson attempted to  trademark  hog, but lost a case against an independent Harley-Davidson organisation, The Hog Farm of West Seneca, NY,  in 1999 when the  appellate panel  ruled that hog had become a  generic term  for large motorcycles and was therefore unprotect able as a trademark. On August 15, 2006, Harley-Davidson Inc. had its NYSE ticker symbol changed from HDI to HOG. COMPETITORS OF HARLEY DAVIDSON American Iron Horse Choppers A new firm has been introduced in the market i.e. American Iron Horse Choppers. They have a custom bike shop that dealt with various brands of choppers. They are a dealer for APC, Ironworks,  Iron Horse, and Swift. They also do repairs on other brands. There are a couple of Big Dog choppers along with many  Iron Horse bikes. Out of all the bikes we worked with I consider Iron Horse and Big Dog to be some of the best out there nevertheless they are not better than Harley Davidson. I loved dealing with Iron Horse as they really provide a lot of proper maintenance documentation. One thing that I think is the biggest problem with custom choppers is the wiring. Iron Horse went the extra mile and in my opinion did a great job making  proper wiring harnesses for their bikes. If a bike came out of the crate with any chrome or paint issues they were real quick to send new parts to correct the problem.   Big Dog also does a good job as far as warranty stuff and they have designed a new primary set-up that allows you to replace the starter without having to take the primary apart. IIRC both bikes run SS engines. They make some really good material and usually dont give much problems.   As far as aftermarket parts both bikes use standard Softail forward control mounts so just about any aftermarket Softail forward control setup will fit. The tripple trees are also standard Harley stuff so any handlebar setup will fit. They look great but to me they are not fun. I like bikes that you can lean in to a corner with. But the super wide tires on the choppers will just laugh at you if you try to take a corner faster then a car. Theyre great in a straight line but I hated making turns with them as it didnt take much before you were scraping the street with a part of the bike. So I cant help you much in that category. (Ref. by American IronHorse vs. Big Dog (Choppers only) Yahoo! Answers) West Coast Choppers West Coast Choppers motorcycles are known as  old school.  WCC bikes have been known as more exposed down when contrasted with decades-long established chopper builders like  Arlen Ness, that is, a bike having, not much there but engine, what the law requires, and something to hold on.  In spite of this information, a WCC product is the use of  9 mm  and  .44 Magnum  shell casings  as purely non-functional art, adorning the fuel or oil filler caps or top of the motorcycles handlebar risers. The presence of this 20th Century gun ammunition is intended to evoke Jesse G. James distant ancestor,  old west  outlaw  and  fighter Jesse James.  A tough brand tie between the chopper-riding biker and old west outlaws is a mainstay of biker culture, established by the biker worlds Norman Rockwell,  and its painter  David Mann. The bikers cross logo, a version of the  Iron Cross  or the  Maltese Cross, is also typical of a WCC bike, though that symbol is nea rly everywhere in Kustom Kulture  in any case. The old firm label of WCC bike labels fits loosely as well, moreover in recent years as WCC has moved away from the traditional  Harley-Davidson  chopper, seen by James as too ordinary, and enhanced the style to grooms its look. Specific ammendments include  Lambretta  scooters,  Honda 305 Scramblers, and  Schwinn Black Phantombicycles. Labels used by West Coast Choppers have been designed to make it professional look firm Atkins Parker Creative, who carefully observed the colours and motifs dear to old firm bikers, such as Vietnam war squadron patches. This is crafted to remanufactured for mass consumption the odd, imperfect shapes of old hand-painted bike art in order to gratify the customers keen sense of authenticity. (Ref by american iron horse choppers Google Search ) SWOT Analysis of Harley-Davidson This case is an analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats for Harley-Davidson. Name recognition Harley-Davidson is possibly the most recognizable name in the motorcycle industry, anywhere in the world. This is possibly because of the typical, rough crash (sounds like potato-potato-potato) which made its bikes famous. Or perhaps its because the name Harley-Davidson is the core of the motorcycle industry, and the Harley-Davidson is the motorcycle that almost every rider aspires to own. Whatever the case, HDI enjoys brand name acknowledgment that other companies strive to obtain, yet fail to achieve. History Harley-Davidson has a long history, beginning in 1909, with the introduction of the V-Twin engine. Harley-Davidson motorcycles were in high demand during World War I, and HDI was one of only two motorcycle companies to survive the Great Depression of the 1930s. The military used Harleys during WWII, and law enforcement agencies around the country either have used or are currently using Harley-Davidson motorcycles as a tool for their Police Officers, Sheriffs Deputies and Highway Patrol Troopers enforce the laws of this great nation. Today most of the youngsters have a passion to buy and keep Harleys as an antique. These bikes have grown in popularity around the globe because of their reliability and durability. World Wrestling Entertainment Super Star Undertaker also used to enter the wrestling arena on a Harley Davidson bike. Harley-Davidson Performance Analysis There are many ways to test the output of the company, some more famous than others. According to Barney text ,the accounting method is the most useful and famous way of measuring a firms output (Barney, 2002). Some of the reasons for the popularity could include the fact that accounting measures of output are publicly their on many firms and they can make a great deal of material related to the firms operations. Other methods of the frims output analysis consist of firm survival and the multiple stakeholder approach.   The first method we will check is the accounting method. Through this accounting method we will take a look on specific ratios and their possible impact on the companys output. The specific ratios we will analyse contains the return on total assets, return on equity, gross profit margin, earnings per share, price earnings ratio, debt to assets, debt to equity, accounts receivable turnover, total asset turnover, fixed asset turnover, and average collection period. I will explain each ratio in complete detail, and why I have included it in this check, when I give the results of each specific ratio calculation. The return on total assets is an overall measure of prosperity which measures the total success of management in generating profits according to its ratios. This ratio shows the amount of net income generated by each dollar invested in these assets. The higher the firm returns on total assets, the better. The return on total assets of Harley davidson was 14.04% for 2001, 14.27% for 2000. These percentages are up and shows an upward trend, this shows strong output in this area for the previous two years.   Return on equity (ROE) showsthe profitability from the stockholders perspective. The ROE is a step to check the return earned on the common stockholders investment in the firm. Generally, the higher this return, the better off the stockholders are. Harley Davidsons return on Harley Davidson Case Analysis In 2007, Harley Davidson was the worlds most profitable motorcycle company.    They had just released great earnings and committed to achieve earnings per share growth of 11-17% for each of the next three years.    Their CEO of 37 years, James Ziemer, knew this would be an extremely difficult task seeing Harleys domestic market share recently top off at just under 50%.    The domestic market was where Harleys achieved the most growth over the past 20 years and with it leveling off, where was Harley going to get the 11-17% was the million dollar question. Harley Davidson has built a brand that is more than just the spread eagle on a load rumbling motorcycle, but for those who purchase a Harley they are purchasing a lifestyle, an experience, or piece of American culture if you will.    Due to this differentiating factor Harley has been able to charge a premium for its products and still be successful against its lower priced competition.    Harley built upon this lifestyle when it created the Harley Owners Group (HOG).    Harley would promote shows, rallies and rides through HOG in the US and even in other countries. This helped to build its coveted image into more of an exclusive club.          In the 1990s, Harley Davidson saw tremendous growth and looked for resolutions to its one problem of balancing production with its soaring demand.    In 1996, Harley announced Plan 2003.    Plan 2003 was a huge undertaking to increase its production capacity, introduce several new models and increase international expansion.    At the end of this planned expansionary period, Harleys sales had grown tenfold over just 23 years.    However in 2007, domestic demand was starting to slip, as several economical factors weighed on the American consumer, making it more difficult to buy luxury products. In 2007, Harley Davidson finds itself in a battle with heavyweight contenders with deep pockets and a lot of engineering resources.    Harley lacks the Harley Davidson Strategic Analysis William Harley and Arthur Davidson wanted to take a look of riding bicycles in 1901.    After joining of the Arthur brothers, Walter and William in their firm, they came up with the new idea of making a motor and a bicycle together.    Many engine ammendments were made before the satsfaction of the builders.    In 1903, they manufactured the first Harley-Davidson motorcycle and they produced three that year.    Harley built its first building in 1907 on Juneau Avenue in Milwaukee.    That same year, they manufactured 150 motorcycles.    As they were used for rebuilt purposes, they were also came in the useage of military .    They fullfill the military useage in border skirmishes and the government called for 20,000 bikes to be shipped overseas.    During the war, other companies also tried to challenge the market of Harley, but Harley remained the largest.    The depression had an unfavorable effect on Harley as it did with most firms, but they overcome on that iss ue and the crisis and celebrated its fiftieth year in 1953 as the sole survivor in the bikes industry.   Harley attract public in 1965, but was bought by thirteen heavy Harley-Davidson executives in 1981.    It was returned to public useage in 1986 by calling two million shares of common stock.    It was accepted by the New York Stock exchange in 1987 and has been there ever since. 2. A firm with the history of Harley-Davidson has few defects and threats, but a SWOT analysis can help them turn them into favorable conditions and strengths. Strengths- Customer satisfaction is the first strength of Harleys business.    Once a person bought a Harley, it seems as they trapped in the entire Harley business.    Once they bought a Harley, they usually never buy another brand of motorcycle. Once a person purchases a bike, the jacket, bandanas, etc. become a must.    Opportunity for Harley is that the economy is at a place where people will go out and buys a motorcycle for recreational purposes.    (Ref by Harley-Davidson eNotes.com Reference).

Effect of Brexit on the Financial Sector

Effect of Brexit on the Financial Sector Brexit: A bleak future for the financial sector? Abstract The word â€Å"Brexit† evolves from Britain and exit which is an unforeseeable situation that the UK is now facing. Brexit could cause damages to the UK economy in the long term, especially those in financial sector. The solutions to lessen the impacts of Brexit have been illustrated in this essay. This essay also aims to discuss the impacts of Brexit on asset management services and the banking industry. It will then evaluate these impacts on different aspects: international students, UK housing market, stock market and Britons who live in EU countries. Introduction On 23 June 2016, the United Kingdom held a referendum whether to leave the European Union (EU) or not. Most Britons believed beforehand that the UK would not leave the EU. Surprisingly, the result was 52% of the voters decided to leave the EU (CFA INSTITUTE, 2017). As a result, David Cameron who, at that time, was the prime minister of the UK had to resign. Subsequently, the position in charge was taken by Theresa May. Following this step, on 29 March 2017, the UK government has formally announced its invoking of Article 50 which is the initial step to formally exit from the EU. Thus, the word â€Å"Brexit† evolves from Britain and Exit. The process must be finalized within two years. This means, in March 2019, the negotiation has to be done. However, from a very recent Guardian article, this process could be postponed because there are new variety of regulations which need to be implemented and many institutions that require new staffs to operate (Miller, 2017). It appears highly likely that once Brexit occurs, Britain will lose its right to tariff-free access to the EU market. In other words, UK-based firms, especially those in the financial sector, may be unable to conduct their operations throughout the EU. As a result, overseas financial institutions whose European headquarters are located in the UK must reconsider their decision on whether to continue operating their management from the UK or not. This could cause long-term negative consequences to the UK economy. Therefore, this essay will discuss the impacts of Brexit on financial services, particularly asset management and the banking, moving on this essay will also evaluate these impacts on Britain’s post-Brexit future. Financial Services Financial services are the economic activities that are involved in the flow of money in the financial system. The services include asset management which is the service that aims to allocate money to maximize the profit. Additionally, the banking is an institution which mainly provides such services as accepting deposits and issuing loans to clients. Those activities have become one of the crucial parts of the UK economy and it provides an opportunity for the UK to influence world banking industry. According to the House of Lords EU Committee, 7-12 percent of GDP of the UK, 7-12 percent of employment ratio and 11 percent of tax receipts are ruled by the financial services. Furthermore, the largest trade surplus of the UK in 2014 was the financial services which accounted for  £58 billion of which  £19 billion is the trade with the EU country Austen, Hunt, Kelly, Naylor, & Sants, 2016). However, this positive circumstance could possibly be worsened by the referendum which was held on 23 of July 2016. This is also a major concern for the financial services. As a consequence of Brexit, it is forecasted that the UK could lose 31000-35000 job positions in financial services. In addition, the worst scenario, this number could increase to 40000 (Arnold, 2016). This number accounted for 3-4 percent of job position involving with the financial services in the UK (Austen et al., 2016). Asset management services Asset management is referred to an activity of generating returns for investors from the capital which is subsidized by investors. According to the Investment Association and the Financial Conduct Authority, the UK asset under management (AUM) is  £6.9 trillion, approximately, of which  £2.2 trillion is the overseas client. In addition, 55 percent of the overseas client, or  £1.2 trillion, is the European clients (CFA INSTITUTE, 2017). This can be said that the asset management industry has played a crucial part in the UK economy. Moreover, losing the right to access the EU market could possibly cause long-term problems to the UK economy. After Brexit, the UK-based investment firm could witness severe problems supporting the EU clients, as claimed by Christian Nolterieke, managing director at MyPrivateBanking Research (Greenhalgh, Mooney, & Williams, 2017). In order to serve clients and recruit talented people in the EU, they must acquire the tariff-free license to access the EU market which the UK’s license will no longer be valid if they pursue Brexit. Moreover, the advertisement and marketing are also prohibited from the non-european economic area (EEA), as stated by Nolterieke. There might be some solutions to cope with this issue. One of them is to establish an office in Europe. However, to do so, the business must be in a large scale. This is because establishing office in Europe requires high amount of capital, well-corporate structure, office, and people, as stated by Julie Patterson who is the consultant of asset management global Brexit at KPMG (Greenhalgh, Mooney, & Williams, 2017). Furthermore, to establish an office in Europe, the regulation of the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive, known as MiFID, requires 20 or more employers onshore. As a result, finding a partner of business in Europe could possibly be the most moderate method to lessen the effect of Brexit, as determined by Nathan Bostock who is now the executive directors of Santander UK (Gerrard, 2017). This is because the UK-based firm is still benefit from being a partner with Europe-based firm, even though the benefit is not fully equivalent to the past. It is a method called profit-sharing in which it could stimulate the UK and Europe economy in the long-term. Surprisingly, in 2017, the research conducted by the CFA instituted, the institution which is the community of fund managers, have shown that two-thirds of the fund managers have not changed their investment horizon after Brexit. Theoretically, this might be because the fund managers tend to invest in the equity market which the price of the equity could increase when the pound is depreciated. The Banks In this essay, the types of bank will be categorized into three types: commercial bank, retail bank and investment bank. Firstly, commercial bank is a financial institution which mainly provides such services as deposit and withdraw of money and offers loans to big business. Secondly, unlike commercial bank, retail bank or consumer bank provides the same services to customers in a non-business sector. Lastly, investment bank is not the bank who provides such services as accepting money or issuing loans services. On the other hand, it is the bank who provides advises on stock market launch, mergers and acquisition or even taking over other company. The impact of Brexit on these types of banks could cause the similar problems as in asset management services. This is mainly because the EU requires the approval of Markets in Financial Instruments Directives (MiFiD) to allow banks to operate in the EU. In order to maintain MiFiD status, the UK must be part of the European Economic Area (EEA). This circumstance is not likely to occur if the UK favours a ‘hard Brexit’. This is because ‘hard Brexit’ means the UK has to relinquish its MiFid license as it will no longer be valid. As a result, this occurrence causes the world’s leading financial institutions to leave the UK. Paris has been one of the biggest rivals for the European financial centre since the UK referendum. However, due to the high corporate tax rate, 33.3 percent, this effects Paris’s attractiveness to be lessen (Stothard, 2017). In this sense, the opportunity is now belonging to Dublin because 12.5 percent tax rate in Ireland could attract the firms from all over the world. Moreover, those firms who wish to move to Ireland do not need to establish new banking license. This is exemplified by the announcement from the Bank of America, the second largest bank in America by total asset, that the bank has chosen Dublin as the headquarter office for its EU operation after Brexit (Noonan, 2017). Brian Moynihan, chief executive officer of the Bank of America, also told the Financial Times that â€Å"We’ve been working with the Central Bank of Ireland to get it all set up and it’s been a very smooth process so far. The government is trying to help us get through the regulatory process.† (Noonan, 2017). As a consequence of the support from the government and an existing banking license of Dublin, it could support the Bank of America to accomplish its process ahead of Brexit easily. Frankfurt has also competed for the position of post-Brexit financial centre. From the announcement of Deutsche Bank, the largest bank in German, they will transfer most of their assets and operation to Frankfurt in this autumn (Arnold, Martin, & Noonan, 2017). This could be one of the largest transfer of single EU bank, as stated by the chief executive officer, John Cryan. Another decision made by Citigroup’s Europe, Middle East and Afica (EMEA) chief executive office, Jim Cowles, that the bank decided to move theirs main trading operation to Frankfurt (Arnold et al., 2017). This is because Frankfurt is well known for its infrastructure and skilled workers which the bank has already had on ground, as claimed by Mr.Cowles. These actions from two of the largest bank in the world could threaten Britain’s economic in the long term, indeed. Undoubtedly, international banks such as Nomura Holdings, the fifth largest bank by asset and Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation which is the third largest bank in Japan by asset have already published their plan on moving their main operation to Frankfurt after Brexit (Arnold, 2017). Turning to another side of the issue, there are several private banks who are now enlarging their services in the UK. According to the Financial Times, the senior executives at the following banks; Credit Suisse, UBS, Socià ©tà © Gà ©nà ©rale and Pictet announced that the companies will expand their operation and investment in the UK (Arnold, 2017). This is because the UK is still attractive in terms of market potential. In other words, the wealthy clients still find an opportunity in the UK. This idea was also supported by Jakob Stott who is the EU head of UBSs wealth management businesses (Franklin & Gruber, 2016). Britain’s post-Brexit future International Student The UK has been known for its quality of education but this might be extravagant for international student to study in the UK. However, due to the UK referendum, the pound sterling witnessed a huge drop after the vote had been officially announced (Broadbent, 2017). This drop benefits international students directly because the pound depreciated in its value, comparing to other currency. In other words, international students in the UK spend less budget on their course and accommodation. To illustrate, one of Thai students claimed that the cost of their study which includes tuition fee, accommodation and living expense is now 15 percent lower, approximately. This means there would be a soar in a number of international applicants who desire to pursue the quality of the UK education. UK Property Property in the UK has always been a target for overseas investors, mainly London property. Due to the devaluation of pound sterling, overseas investors found that the UK property is reasonably priced. The study conducted by the property investment firm, JLL, showed that 28% of the housing market transaction in 2016 was done by Asian investors (Vaswani, 2017). This could directly affect the Britons because those Asian investors could inflate the housing market by their unlimited demand. This means house prices could be overvalued for British citizen who are in need of the house. Stock Market The referendum also benefits the UK stock market. This is because those multinational companies who are listed in the London Stock Exchange (LSE) receive their revenue in other currencies, mostly in dollars, which means the depreciation of pound could boost the company’s profit (Inman, 2016). As a result, the stock price of the company rocketed after Brexit which means it creates the value for British company in the long term. British Citizens who live in EU country Technically, if Brexit did occur, the British citizens who live in the UK could become the illegal evacuees overnight. This statement was also supported by Dominic Grieve who is the UK former attorney general. Moreover, there is a possibility that British expats could lose their right in the EU Health care system (Bennett, 2017). Thus, the negotiation might involve such issues as the right to work, permitted license to possess the EU property or even the entitlement to access the EU health care system. Conclusion In conclusion, the UK referendum could be the beginning of a period of unpredictability, especially for those in financial sector. The asset management industry and the banks whose operations are based in the UK could experience even worse predicament. As a result, some international banks are now seriously considering the proposals of moving their operation to the EU country, namely Frankfurt and Dublin. However, for those in asset management, the strategies have not been changed. Fund managers still optimistic on the UK equity market which directly benefits from weaker pound. Moreover, for those in private bank sector, there is a determination to expand their operations after Brexit. The weaker pound sterling also boosts the number of international students and global investors in the UK, mostly those in housing and stock market. For Britons who live in the EU, there is a concern about losing their status as the EU citizens. References Arnold, M. (2017, July 30). MUFG eyes Amsterdam as post-Brexit EU base. Financial   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Times. Retrieved August 12, 2017 from https://www.ft.com/content/158dcffe-7535-11e7-90c0-90a9d1bc9691 Arnold, M. (2017, August 1). Brexit set to raise UK banks’ costs 4% and capital needs 30%. Financial Times. Retrieved August 5, 2017 from https://www.ft.com/content/9fdf35a4-7610-11e7-a3e8-60495fe6ca71 Arnold, M., Martin, K., & Noonan, L. (2017, July 20). Citigroup and Deutsche Bank give Frankfurt a Brexit boost. Financial Times. Retrieved August 2, 2017 from https://www.ft.com/content/1b38eb1a-6d55-11e7-b9c7-15af748b60d0 Austen, M., Hunt, P., Kelly, D., Naylor, L., & Sants, H. (2016). The impact of the UK’s exit from the EU on the UK-based financial services sector. Oliver Wyman. Retrieved August 2, 2017 from http://www.oliverwyman.com/content/dam/oliver-wyman/global/en/2016/oct/  Ã‚   Brexit_POV.PDF Bennett, A. (2017, March 30). What will Brexit mean for British expats?. The telegraph. Retrieved August 19, 2017 from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/0/eu-facts-what-would-leaving-the-eu-mean-for-expats/ Broadbent, B. (2017). Brexit and the pound. Bank of England. Retrieved from http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/publications/Documents/speeches/2017/speech969.pdf CFA institute (2017). What It Means for Investment Management Brexit: A guide for investment professionals. Retrieved from https://www.cfainstitute.org/ethics/Documents/guide_to_brexit.pdf Franklin, J., & Gruber, A. (2016, March 2). UBS considers acquisitions to expand wealth management in Europe. Thomson Reuters. Retrieved August 15, 2017 from http://www.reuters.com/article/us-ubs-wealth-europe-idUKKCN0W41EB Gerrard, B. (2017, July 13). Spanish business leaders suggest UK could be global trade hub post-Brexit. The Telegraph. Retrieved August 12, 2017 from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/ business/2017/07/13/spanish-business-leaders-suggest-uk-could-global-trade-hub-post/ Greenhalgh, H., Mooney, A., & Williams, A. (2017, August 2). Brexit is going to be a mess for UK wealth management. Financial Times. Retrieved August 9, 2017 from https://www.ft.com/content/f2451362-147d-11e7-80f4-13e067d5072c House of Lords EU Committee (2016). Brexit: Financial Services (9th Report of Session 2016–17). Retrieved July 10, 2017 from https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld201617/lds elect/ldeucom/81/81.pdf Inman, P. (2016, October 4). Q&A: falling pound, rising markets. Why is Britain’s currency suffering while shares in its biggest companies are soaring ?. The Guardian. Retrieved August 12, 2017 from https://www.theguardian.com/business/2016/oct/04/qa-falling-pound-rising-markets Kelly, J., (2017, July 12). Investment in UK fintech tops pre-Brexit levels in first half of 2017. Thomson Reuters. Retrieved August 1, 2017 from http://uk.reuters.com/article/us-britain-fintech-investment-idUKKBN1AA2VN Miller, G. (2017, August 12). Britain must ask for more time to negotiate Brexit. The Guardian. Retrieved August 16, 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/ commentisfree/2017 /aug/12/britain-more-time-negotiate-brexit Noonan, L. (2017, July 21). Bank of America choose Dublin as EU base after Brexit. Financial Times. Retrieved August 1, 2017 from https://www.ft.com/content/1fff392a-6e17-11e7-bfeb-33fe0c5b7eaa Stothard, M. (2017, July 7). Paris rolls out ‘red-white-and-blue carpet’ for banks. Financial Times. Retrieved August 12, 2017 from https://www.ft.com/content/464c67d8-630e-11e7-91a7-502f7ee26895 Vaswani, K. (2017, April 28). Brexit not deterring Asian investors from UK property market. BBC. Retrieved August 17, 2017 from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-39732816

PIV Measurement of Fluid Flow Inside a Human Uterus Model for Cryoablation :: essays research papers

PIV MEASUREMENT OF FLUID FLOW INSIDE A HUMAN UTERUS MODEL FOR CRYOABLATION Xiaolong Luo1, Jim S.J. Chen1, Marla Wolfson2, Charles Philips2, Thomas Shaffer2 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University 2Temple University School of Medicine Abstract – A new technique has been proposed that allows cryoablation to be achieved on the entire inner surface of the endometrium by circulating very cold perfluorochemical (PFC) fluid inside the human uterus. To understand the PFC flow field inside the uterus during cryoablation, a uterus model was constructed; a fluid delivery system including the fluid delivery probe was designed and built to simulate the PFC flow during cryosurgery. With particle image velocimetry (PIV), the fluid flow inside the uterus was investigated at room temperature to display a 2-D whole field velocity contour and vector plot. Keywords: PIV, cryoablation, PFC, endometrium I. INTRODUCTION Menorrhagia is medically defined as excessive bleeding at menses, in duration or amount. A frequent cause of menorrhagia is uterine fibroid growth. Traditionally, hysterectomy is the main treatment for menorrhagia. Several cryosurgery methods such as localized cryoprobes [1] and balloon ablation [2] have been developed as alternatives to hysterectomy to treat the dysfunction of the endometrium. However, these are localized techniques and sometimes there is still proliferation of the endometrium. A new technique is proposed that allows cryoablation to be achieved on the entire inner surface of the endometrium using a PFC fluid [3]. The objective of this project is to develop an efficient treatment method for abnormal uterine bleeding by freezing the endometrium. It has been shown that a temperature of –30 C is required for destroy tissue necrosis [4]. The heat transfer process during cryoablation was investigated experimentally and numerically (1-D) with good agreement [5], in which a uniform fluid temperature boundary condition was used in the 1-D finite difference method to determine the temperature history in the human uteri of eight patients. This assumed that the fluid flow inside the uterus is uniform, repeatable and controllable. During the experiments it was found that the temperature difference at the inlet and outlet of the insertion probe varied from 10Â ºC to 50Â ºC. Inconsistent fluid temperatures may be caused by inadequate circulation of PFC liquid, i.e., recirculation within the uterus. The goal of this study is to understand the flow field inside the uterus cavity during cryoablation so that the desired flow field and uniform temperature field can be obtained, thus proposing an optimal insertion probe design so that minimum PFC liquid and surgery time is used.

Space Appeal :: Science Planets NASA Papers

Space Appeal Public relations activities have been and always will be an integral part of crew activities. While these activities absorb resources, the most significant of which is time, they also bring public and political support to the program and provide some of the return on investment of the program.† – NASA, The Mars Reference Mission, Pg. 25 Since the day of NASA’s greatest triumph on July 20, 1969, there has been a sense among many American people and politicians that the once-unimaginable goal of conquering space has been accomplished, and that much of what NASA has done since are simply unnecessary frills of the federal budget. In order to attempt to justify its own existence, NASA has felt the need to engage in projects that can thrill the public and thus keep people interested in space exploration. In doing so, a significant portion of their budget, which has been cut over the years, is spent on public relations, decreasing the budget for actual space-related activities. By using its resources to â€Å"bring public and political support to the program†1, NASA has been looking at the problem backwards. By operating more efficiently and spending less on making their projects â€Å"sexy† they could actually accomplish their goals, which would implicitly grab the public’s attention. It is tim e for NASA to move into a new era, where the goal is to pick those projects that will actually succeed instead of those that sensationalize space, those that appeal to the scientist instead of the average American. One goal that NASA has been working toward for years is that of sending a manned mission to Mars. While there is no official plan to send a man to Mars, there is wide support for it at NASA and it clearly would be attempted when/if possible. Sending a human to another planet would be an impressive step for the recently maligned space 1 Koff, Stephen. â€Å"NASA’s new chief will ask 'why' a lot†. The Plain Dealer. January 10, 2002. National Pg. A2. Lexis-Nexis Universe. Online. Nexis. April 28, 2002. program, and would likely bring back a large public interest in the cosmos not seen since the heyday of space in the 1950s and 60s. However, NASA exists neither to entertain the American people nor to promote interest in outer space. According to Sean O’Keefe, NASA’s newly-minted Chief Administrator, it exists to â€Å"advance the development of science and technology†2.

From Source to Shore an Amazon Success Story Essay

From Source to Shore An Amazon Success Story By Ankit Shah Amazon is one of the first ventures that set out to tap the potential of web for retail business. It’s hard to believe that a business that started out of founder Jeff Bezos’ garage in 1994 has revenues of over $32 billion today. What is even harder to believe is that the company didn’t make any profit for first 5 years of its conception. Looking back, many leading business analysts see Amazon’s business plan as one of the soundest yet simple business plans, or virtuous cycle as it is more popularly known, of that era. Figure 1: Amazon’s Business Plan. A sharp customer focus was the key take away of the business plan. While the general market trend during the dot com boom was of aggressively fending off competition, Amazon remained faithful towards the simplest principle of the industry, â€Å"It’s a Customer’s Market†. Driven by his will to increase customer satisfaction, Bezos made hefty investments in research and technology which was also new to the market. Consistent upgrades to the web portal made it increasingly easy to use and opened up the market by introducing its customers to products that were not available at a regular retail store. Features like personal recommendations, search inside a book, wish lists were highly customer centric and quickly caught the attention of the e-shoppers. The high variety offered by Amazon enticed even more customers after the features like rating a product, reviews and discussions were added. Figure 2 shows the current customer satisfaction standing of Amazon and its competitors. Figure 2: American Customer Satisfaction Index (Internet Retailers). Feb 2011. Recognizing the importance of the long tail market has also played a part in Amazon’s increasing customer satisfaction scores. Being an online retailer, Amazon has the flexibility to offer obscure products to its customers. The ease of obtaining products and items, which are rarely available at regular stores, is a key USP of Amazon. It is also a major profit maker for Amazon. Figure 3: The Long Tail Phenomenon Consistent high scores on the customer satisfaction index and the sound business strategy reaped its first profit in 2001, by which time Amazon had become a household name. Customer satisfaction is identified as a leading contributor to a company’s profits by many leading industry experts. Figure 4: Contribution of various Business Performance Factors to Shareholder Value ‘Cost of attracting a new customer is almost 4 times the cost of retaining an old one’ is a statistic that is widely accepted in the industry. This translates to huge savings in Figure 5: Reason for customers to stop dealing with vendors operational costs as Amazon stands at over 81 million registered users today. As Amazon concentrated on building deeper customer relationships, it also came up with innovative ways to leverage these relationships to increase sales. Bill me later’ was introduced to increase the buying power of the existing customers. It allowed customers to buy a product instantly but be billed at a later date. Amazon Marketplace is a service that allows users to buy and sell used items. It is also a great example of how Amazon has leveraged its customer relationship to create new opportunities as the success of such a venture depends greatly on the customer relationships. The Brand Value of Amazon has also seen an upward movement similar to the customer satisfaction index. This has also helped Amazon attract more customers and increase its market presence. 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 36 Amazon 65 62 58 43 Brand Index Figure 6: Amazon’s Increasing Brand Value [5] The increasing brand value and the saturating market in United States have urged Amazon to spread into international markets. Amazon began its European expansion by acquiring Bookpages. co. uk in 1997. The international market growth of Amazon has been steadily increasing in the new markets and off late has come at power with the US market in terms of contribution to the revenue stream. Figure 7: International Sales vs US Sales The categorical waterfall approach to international expansion coupled with religious adherence to the customer centric business model is the major contributor to Amazon’s success in international markets. The international expansion time line below shows that Amazon favors American market to introduce its new product lines and features. Also, the American market still remains Amazon’s favorite in terms of wide product line. Figure 8: International Expansion Timeline for Amazon. Amazon is now moving towards establishing itself as a global leader in e-tailing. In keeping with its sound business model, Amazon is still focused towards innovating customer centric features and targeting customer satisfaction as a primary goal. With an increasing presence in international markets, Amazon also faces increasing competition from local e-tailers. Entering a market by acquiring an existing player is a strategy that has worked for Amazon. Country Acquired Year UK Bookpages. co. uk 1998 Germany Telebuch. e in 1998 China Joyo. com 2004 Figure 9: Amazon’s International Acquisitions.   Amazon also offers many country specific features and variations to its product line. This differentiation approach towards international markets plays a key role in building a market value and capturing market share. Country Canada Features †¢ Choice of language between French and English on the web portal. †¢ Canadian website Amazon. ca which is fully managed from the USA and on which Canadian customers can place their orders. To avoid expensive exporting from the USA, Amazon has entered partnerships with publishers and wholesalers from which customers are directly supplied. †¢ Offers a separate UK product selection. †¢ Provision to pay through postal orders. †¢ The German subsidiary is also responsible for serving the Austrian market. †¢ Provision to pay using cheques. †¢ Pays a small fine for ignoring the 5% limit for discount on books. †¢ Reduced its French staff and outsourced some of its administrative functions to the UK. †¢ Used the existing delivery system established by joyo. com instead of nation wide couriers.

Compare and contrast the higher education system in the UK Essay

Firstly, British college student’s ability to live independently that is stronger than our country students. Students who do not share the housework rarely . They were trained to help parents rub the car or cut the lawn. Many students also work in community, delivering newspapers are normal behavior, not earned money highly, but they have the opportunity to face the community and get few experience of job, independently of the problem. In holidays , such as gas stations, fast food restaurants , supermarkets. High school students are working busy in company . After holiday , not only earned a few hundred pounds, more important ways, they might be get more self-confident than chinese students. Secondly, British college student’s strong sense of team . In the UK , it is widely respected team to the students ‘ teamwork ‘ education, in public places or collective activities , individuals must obey someone. If any student limelight for themselves and hurt everyone , he will be consistent dismissed as † no team spirit .† Thirdly, college students of England who to explore spiritual strength . British students work what have confident and courage enough, without the shackles of the old rules. They think that confident and courage can make them to discover the answer.Hence, the chances of success are relatively high. Each student has their own thoughts and actions . They are not superstitious textbooks, not superstitious authority , they are concerned about our students answers to questions. In UK, students have lots of chosen when students study in university, they can study many subjects until they find a profession which suitable for them really. For example, there were two classmates in the Cambridge University. They were all majoring in physics and very smart. One student told the other:’ you are much better than me in high energy physics area, you should continue to research physical, and I engage in biology.’ But in China when students just enter to university, they haven not chosen that they have to learn only one profession and their futures are set. For example two years ago, Mr. Yang found that high school students were assigned to 46 departments when he saw the new roster Fudan University, and Beijing University have 59 departments.