Liquor Ads On Tv :: essays research papers

According to Antonia Novello, Surgeon General of the United States, in SIRS Government Reporter, the principle cause of death for those between the ages of 15 and 24 are alcohol related car crashes (1). Doesn't it make sense that we should concentrate our efforts into reducing this problem of alcohol abuse? Apparently DISCUS, the Distilled Spirits Council of the United States, doesn't think so. Worsnop says that on November 7, 1996, they removed their voluntary ban of hard liquor ads on television and radio that had been in affect since 1936 (219). He then states that the removal came right after Seagram, a liquor company, advertised for some of their hard liquor on KRIS-TV in CorpusChrist, Texas (219). This movement is definitely a step in the wrong direction and action should be taken to reinstate this ban, but this time legally. First of all, the removal of the ban gave DISCUS a bad reputation. Already the four major TV networks (NBC, ABC, CBS, and FOX) have vowed not to air ads for hard liquor (Worsnop 219). DISCUS has also lost respect in the field of politics, especially with numerous congressmen and the President, himself. Worsnop said "Beer group representatives think DISCUS' announcement undercut its credibility in Washington" (219). Bill Clinton referred to the decision as "simply irresponsible" (qtd in Worsnop 219).Secondly, many of these advertisements for liquor have been said to target teens. However, Seagram's executive vice president of marketing strategy, Arthur Shapiro, said that Seagram had taken "great pains that our advertising doesn't appeal to or aim at children" (qtd in Krantz 1). This is not so, according to Katherine Prescott, who pointed out the use of animals and a graduation theme in Seagram's commercial. This seems to associate the use of alcohol with academic success when the two rarely coexist (Tannert 2). Clinton also expressed his concern that the ban may cause increased drinking among minors (Facts on File 492 vol 57). Even if teens were not targeted directly in an advertisement, Froehlich says "Teenagers are three times as likely as adults to respond to ads..." This is party due to their self-insecurity (Froehlich 1 Novello in SIRS Researcher 5).It has been suggested that in order to reduce teen response to advertisements, counter-advertising should be used. This is when advertisements are shown that discourage illegal or abusive use or products. Research projects showed that while advertising increased consumption, counter-advertising had a successful, opposite affect (Saffer 4).

Summary and Response on Growing Up in America

Amanda Stivala Composition 1030-72 Summary and Response 9/24/12 Growing up in America one doesn’t really question our customs or the daily lives of the people here. Everyone kind of has a precedent for our everyday live and no one really tries to break the mold on that. Poranee Natadecha- Sonsel argues that Americans are unlike many other countries because they have a certain individualism about everything they do in their culture.In her article, â€Å"The Young, the Rich, and the Famous: Individualism as American Cultural Value†, the author reiterates over and over again that the way Americans value their individualism really impresses her. She names a few examples of American individualism such as conversational topics, privacy, and family life. Ms. Sponsel further evaluates each subtopic thus shedding more light on her argument. One of the author’s many arguments about American individualism is how they converse with other people. Associated essay: †On Compassion†She notes that when asked the time old question of, â€Å"How are you? † , Americans most of the time have one set response only and don’t reveal much information about how they really are that day. Ms. Sponsel seems taken back by how Americans don’t really appear to care about how the other person is feeling and just blurt out the automated response of, â€Å"I’m good, how are you? ’. She often references the customs of her culture back in Thailand and how very different it is from American culture.She notes how open they are with everyone they talk to and pretty much tell their whole life story to everyone they meet. America’s individualism set’s them apart from many other countries, not just Thailand and every country has their own way of doing things. Ms. Sponsel is a well educated anthropologist, so it is her job to study a culture and watch how it operates which is why America’ s such individual culture really shocks her. America has a culture unlike any other where privacy is a main component. She emphasizes that even from a young age privacy is introduced into our lives.She points out that unlike other more traditional countries, America is one of the few countries where an infant is given their own room separate from their parents and are progressively taught to become independent emotionally and economically from their families. She once again references Thailand and their family cultures by saying that in Thai families all of the members of the family stick together and take care of each other and the children of the family really aren’t given independency until they get married and move out.Ms. Sponsel tries to show the extreme differences between the two cultures to emphasize America’s individualism. In response to Ms. Sponsel’s article about American individualism, I do agree for the most part with that she has to prove when sh e says that America is very different from the other cultures throughout the world especially the Thai culture she constantly compared America to. What she fails to recognize however, is that America is a cultural melting pot.Most Asian countries are homogenous and really haven’t become integrated, so sure it’s easy to have one steady flow of the same culture there. However, in America we have so many different cultures so it’s really difficult to conform to one specific race’s cultural norms. Some of her sub arguments in relation to her main point are a little far fetched to me though.. One of Ms. Sponsel’s big issue is that Americans are very private especially in the home and with their own families. I don’t understand why she is stunned that American children are taught to become independent at such a young age.The younger you learn that, the better equipped you will be for the real world once you become an adult and then you won’ t have to rely on your parents to help you with everything. The Thai culture that Ms. Sponsel always refers back to seems to not want their children to be independent at all, let alone leave the house and move out when they married adults. Americans have such a busy and fast paced life, being sheltered from that type of individualism would affect their lives in very negative ways.One really prime example of how her culture can show evidence of being overprotective of their children unlike Americans can be is, when Ms. Sponsel said that when she was working at an East-West summer camp one of the supervisors brought their 10 month old child and when the baby tried to walk it fell right down. Naturally the baby started crying, but it wasn’t the baby’s parents that went to go help the baby, it was all the Asian students. The parents knew that the baby would be fine so they left it alone and eventually he got up and started walking again.It’s a perfect example of how American’s individualistic culture norms are just totally opposite of other cultures, we know that one day that baby is going to have to get up and get over it so why not start at a young age so they get used to it instead of coddling them like the Asian culture or any other culture different than our would have done. Overall, I do see some very valid points provided by Ms. Sponsel about Americans and their odd sense of individualism, but also on the contrary she does have some faults where she overlooks some key aspects in her argument.

Globalization and Lower Living Standards for Americans...

Kofi Annan, a UN diplomat, once said,â€Å"...that arguing against globalization is like arguing against the laws of gravity.† He is undoubtedly correct in this assessment. Indeed, globalization is no longer something to be skeptical of, it is very real and is changing our world exponentially. The affects of globalization, however, continue to be a heated topic for debate. Proponents praise the overall economic lift provided by free trade, the diffusion of cultures, and the spread of democracy and capitalism. Critics cry foul at the loss of national identity, the accelerated and uncontrolled use of natural resources, and the redistribution of wealth into the hands of a few very powerful people and corporations. Globalization is a†¦show more content†¦If it had not been for the increasing awareness of other cultures brought about by globalization Yoga would never have grown to the fad it is today. This prevalence of global fads can be seen in many ways, especia lly in entertainment and technology. When I was younger I regularly read Japanese manga comics. These comics, long popular in Japan, only recently became popular in America due to the proliferation of American fan translations on the internet. Through manga I learned a lot of Japanese culture and found hours of entertainment that I would not have experienced otherwise. As with the entertainment of Japanese comics, I also play several video games designed in Japan and regularly use technology such as the Sony Playstation. In fact, the computer I type on is of Korean origin. Without globalization these parts of my life would be quite different. The prevalence of technology and ideas can only have a positive impact on the world and my life. The more minds in the world that can cooperatively work to improve our lives the better. My life has definitely been impacted by this aspect of globalization and I am grateful for it. How many hours of enjoyment have I gotten from international ent ertainment, how much easier does my computer make my life? These things are not immediately quantifiable, but I can be sure that I would rather have these experiences and technologies than to have missed out on them. In addition to the affects of globalization on my lifeShow MoreRelatedThe Pros and Cons of Globalization Essay963 Words   |  4 Pages It is debated whether globalization is an advantage or disadvantage to our society. Everyday you hear it on the news, you read it in the newspaper, and you overhear people talking about it and in every single instance the word globalization seems to have a different meaning. Globalization is the process by which a business or company becomes international or starts to operate on an international level such like the rise of the so-called global economy. It can also bring the world closer throughRead MorePositive and Negative Impacts of Globalization1256 Words   |  5 PagesGlobalization Globalization Arguments Favoring Globalization This essay discusses the positive and negative impacts of globalization. Because people are more connected globally than ever before, the process of globalization continues, creating sweeping economic changes. Inevitably, some people and some countries will benefit from globalization, and others will suffer from its effects. This essay discusses those effects. Globalization describes the increasing economic integration that occursRead MoreGlobalization Essay1663 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization essay Globalization is the trend towards a single, integrated, and interdependent world. Some humans may not even realize globalization plays a part in our modern lives, but examples that may be classified as evidence of this trend include: the ability to buy products from dining cuisines belonging to myriad of different ethnical cultures, a joint project in which a multinational group of astronauts are sent to the moon, the visit of a Canadian circus troupe to China, the establishmentRead MoreThe Positive and Negative Effects of Globalization1570 Words   |  7 PagesThe Positive and Negative Effects of Globalization Is Globalization ultimately positive or negative, or somewhere in between? I believe it depends on who you ask the question, and how it affects their life. For myself, I can’t get passed the negative way it has impacted my life and others around me in the same situation. Those of us who have lost our jobs and livelihood and are now labeled as â€Å"the long term unemployed† have seen our jobs eliminated and outsourced overseas; find it hard toRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Globalization Essay1680 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization. Everyday you hear it on the news, you read it in the newspaper, and you overhear people talking about it- and in every single instance the word globalization seems to have a different meaning. When I hear of globalization I think of the whole world coming close together in all phases. I tend to think that we as human beings are breaking down barriers that have been protected or guarded. For instance, I initially thought of the progress we are making in the communication aspect. SoRead MoreThe Global Economy Has Changed Over Time953 Words   |  4 Pagesmaterials. The standards of living rose as did the wages of people because of international trade, however, those changes were most evident in the industrial countries. â€Å"By the end of the nineteenth century, economic growth had been sufficiently rapid in the industrial countries that the world had bifurcated in terms of living standards and rates of economic growth† (Krueger, 2006) Prior to the trade restriction and tariff changes, which occurred in the 20th century the standard of living was not significantlyRead MoreWhat is Globalization?895 Words   |  4 Pages What is Globalization? Globalization is growth to a global or worldwide scale. It is a series of several processes; One of which being a process of economic interactions and integrations between companies and governments of different nations. Countries engage in international trade aided by technology and other sources of information, Such as the internet and other means of communication. Economic interactions are interactions that have effects on the environment, culture, political systemsRead MoreNo Logo Critique1289 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen championing globalization using the reasons that globalization allows U.S. consumers to benefit from cheaper products produced abroad, while developing nations benefit from the economic growth stimulated by foreign investments. The generally accepted belief is that governmental policies should be established in favor of the corporations to facilitate the trickling down of corporate profits to the end consumers and workers abroad. Klein, however, contends that globalization rarely benefit theRead MoreGlobalization : A Benefit For America1343 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalization: A Benefit to America Globalization. What is it exactly? And why is there so much debate and controversy surrounding it? This topic has sparked protests all over the world. Like with many other topics, some support globalization and what it has accomplished. Others have hatred and believe it should not exist. Why do some people believe that globalization is an essential process and helps the economy immensely, while others see it as the root of pure evil and destruction? The answerRead MoreThe Economic And Social Effects Of Globalization On Jamaica1140 Words   |  5 Pagesthe economic and social effects of globalization on Jamaica. The movie mainly describes the affects of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank’s structural adjustment programs. While these funds are created to help developing countries become more developed, the documentary shows how the reforms were not successful in Jamaica and put the country in debt. This paper will discuss the portrayal of globalization in the do cumentary, and how globalization can affect people through different

The Goddess And The Nation Mapping Mother India

In her book â€Å"The Goddess and the Nation: Mapping Mother India†, Sumathi Ramaswamy takes a glance into the time when Mother India / Bharat Mata emerged on the land of India, and talks about her significance, portrayal and mapping. The main purpose of this work by Sumathi Ramaswamy is to understand how Mother India / Bharat Mata came into being, what was her importance among the people, how she was related geographically to the map of India, her mapping throughout India and her depiction as a symbol of India. Rawaswamy delineates the origins and evolution of Indian patriotic artwork, which depicts Bharat Mata in different forms or representation. She shows how these artworks were used significantly by the patrons in the nationalist†¦show more content†¦Ramaswamy also pays close attention to study and understand the relation between the main defining parts of the image of Bharat Mata and the land of India that she represented. The main argument towards which she d raws attention, in this chapter, is the interested deployment of mapped configuration of India and the morphological form of Mother India, depicted in the printed pictures. Her dominant interest in this chapter and the rest of the chapters is to understand how and what these different forms of Mother India are doing with each other. Also, she analyses how the look of Mother India is formalized and risked, as â€Å"she is fashioned under the pressure of evolving visual patronization (14)†. Along with this analysis she also takes into consideration how and why the mapped form of India became an intimate part of her look. In the second chapter, she goes on to talk about the other Mothers/ women who were like Mother India and were popular in the world. She compares Mother India with all the other great women figures in the world, who like her have been imagined and have functioned as embodiments of modern world, for example the â€Å"Britannia† who found visibility in the resurgence of the â€Å"modern English-British National Imperialism† (Pg-73). She also explores the striking fact that Mother India is reminiscent of the

American Civil War The Southern Strategy - 556 Words

Southern War Strategy (Order #A259567) It can be said that the South began the Civil War from a winning position. They had declared their independence, formed their own country and government, and they needed only to keep what they already had. But this was a monumental task as the government was required to protect every inch of land within the Confederacy. As a new country, the Confederacy needed to demonstrate the ability to defend its own territory from external threat. Without this ability, the Confederacy could never receive the international recognition and support it needed to survive. Aside from this reason, the South also needed to protect the institution of slavery from outside interference. If the Northern armies took control of a particular Southern area, the Confederates felt that they would free all the slaves, thus destroying the entire structure of society and its economic value. Because of this, Jefferson Davis was forced to devise a flawed war strategy which attempted to preserve the en tire Confederacy at the cost of concentrating his forces. There were two main problems with the Souths initial war strategy meant to protect the entire Confederacy; firstly it required the dispersal of forces to maintain a perimeter defense, and secondly it required the establishment of independent and self-sufficient military districts. The dispersal of its forces created a weak perimeter defense everywhere in the Confederacy, and not a single place from where theShow MoreRelatedSlavery Cause for Civil War1483 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ SLAVERY (THE MAIN CAUSE OF THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR) US History to 1877 – HIST101 American Military University, 26 April 2014 Many factors led to the occurrence of the American Civil War. The key issues were slavery, different political ideologies, right of the people, and economic reasons. However, the key reasons that lead to the Civil War was slavery. Slavery is touted as the main cause of the conflict between the states in the northern part and those in theRead MoreJohn J. Crittenden1245 Words   |  5 PagesJohn J. Crittenden was the senator, born in Kentucky, who proposed the Crittenden Compromise, a proposal for a compromise between the Northern and southern States. The Crittenden Compromise proposed that there should be states that have slavery and that satisfy the southern demands but that the Missouri Compromise line should be redrawn. Although the southern states were willing to agree with this compromise, the northern states and the Republican Party were against this compromise for allowing futureRead MoreMilitary Strategy and Tactics of the Civil War Essay1373 Words   |  6 PagesThe America n Civil War was one of the deadliest wars in American history, resulting in 620,000 casualties of soldiers and undetermined number of civilian casualties. Southern slave states declared their withdrawal from United States and formed the Confederate States of America; also know as â€Å"The Confederacy.† Northern twenty states free of slavery and five slave states in north came to knows as the Union. Many strategy and tactics were used during the American Civil War. In order to understand theRead MoreThe Anaconda Plan s Effect On The Civil War1227 Words   |  5 Pages2015 The Anaconda Plan s Effect on The Civil War From 1861-1865 the Civil War was fought to determine the survival of the independent Confederacy. In January 1861, seven Southern slave states seceded from the United States of America to create the Confederate States of America (Civil War Academy American Civil War). The twenty three states that remained loyal were called the Union. War was declared on April 12, 1861 between the North and South due to the controversialRead More Civil War Essay1649 Words   |  7 Pages Civil War Civil war was the greatest war in American history. It was waged in 10,000 places-from Valverde, New Mexico, and Fernandina on the Florida coast. More than three million Americans fought in it and more than 600,00 men died in it. It was not only the immensity of the fight but the new weapons, the new standards of generalship, and the strategies of destruction which made the Civil War an event present ever since in the American consciousness. Here are some of the crucialRead MoreThe Struggle Of The American Civil War765 Words   |  4 Pages  The American Civil War, was a civil war fought from 1861 to 1865 to determine the survival of the Union or independence for the Confederacy. Among the 34 states in January 1861, seven Southern slave states individually declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America. The Confederacy, simply called the South, grew to include eleven states. Although they claimed thirteen states and additional western territories, the Confederacy was never recognized byRead MoreEssay on Why The North Won the Civil War1518 Words   |  7 PagesIf wars are won by riches, there can be no question why the North eventually prevailed. The North was better equipped than the South, with the resources necessary to be successful in a long term war like the Civil War was, which was fought from 1861 Ââ€" 1865. Prior, and during the Civil war, the Norths economy wa s always stronger than the Souths, boasting of resources that the Confederacy had no means of attaining. Compared to the South, The North had more factories available for production ofRead MoreThe American Civil War By Robert G. Tanner810 Words   |  4 Pagesthinks about the American Civil War that waged from 1861-1864, the question at hand begs to be asked: what could the Confederacy have done to win the war? Ideally, according to Robert G. 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Thoughts and Feelings ‘on the Grasshopper and the Cricket’ Free Essays

What are your thoughts and feelings about the poem â€Å"On The Grasshopper and The Cricket†? In the poem ‘On The Grasshopper and The Cricket’ by John Keats, the poet seems at a first glance to just to be describing a grasshopper and a cricket and how they inhabit a garden and the kitchen of a home respectively. However, once we understand the poem, it is not so straightforward. In the second to the sixth lines of the poem, it shows how carefree the life of a grasshopper is in the â€Å"summer luxury† as opposed to the cricket in the â€Å"lone winter†. We will write a custom essay sample on Thoughts and Feelings ‘on the Grasshopper and the Cricket’ or any similar topic only for you Order Now As it is mentioned that the grasshopper hops ‘from hedge to hedge about a new-mown mead’, we know that it is probably in a garden where it does not have to worry. It also gives us a young and lively feel to the poem because it shows that all the grasshopper does the entire day is play among the hedges and live a luxurious life. In the sixth and seventh lines, it is shown that the grasshopper is never bored because in this case, the grasshopper himself is capable of having his â€Å"delights† and â€Å"fun† with minimal effort and is able to rest if it feels tired beneath some â€Å"pleasant weed†. It’s so hot that the usually chirpy and active birds have taken shelter amongst the shady trees and the whole countryside seems to be quiet, but just then one can hear the ever active grasshopper chirping away merrily in the hedges. We also know that there are birds in the garden as said in the second line â€Å"when birds are faint with hot sun† so it is believed that the grasshopper is never lonely because there are other animals around. Similarly, when one is cozily sheltered in the comfort of his home in front of a warm stove from the cold, frosty winter and is beginning to feel lonely, an atmosphere of silence and loneliness prevails. However, the silence is shattered by the shrill chirpings of the cricket and this silence, which was forced by the cold, is gently calmed by the cricket’s song. But even then the poetry of earth continues without a break. In a way, the grasshopper can be seen as selfish because when it plays among the hedges and freshly cut grass, it does not do anything else that implies that it is helping anyone other than itself. On the other hand, the cricket is seen to be somewhat of a good friend to those who are lonely on winter nights as it breaks the silence that was forced by the cold winter. The grasshopper could be compared to a young person who is usually carefree and does not worry much. In comparison, the cricket could represent someone in his or her old age who is there for people when they are in need or are lonely. How to cite Thoughts and Feelings ‘on the Grasshopper and the Cricket’, Papers

Leadership Styles and Theories Management

Question: Discuss about the Leadership Styles and Theories Management. Answer: Introduction According to David V. Day and John Antonakis, there is no specific definition or standards of defining a leader. As there are many leadership theories; there are as many as definitions of leadership. However, leadership scholars agree that the definition of leadership should have common concepts such as influence process and the relevant outcomes of the influence (Antonakis, J., Cianciolo, A. and Sternberg, R. 2004). A leader may also be a manager. Management involves controlling and organizing activities to achieve the set goals of an organization (Buble, M, Juras, A Mati, I 2014 pp. 161193). Although the two terms are different, they can be intertwined when there is a discussion about leadership and management of a given organization (Go2hr.ca. 2016). Studies have been conducted for many years with the aim of understanding leadership and leadership styles. As there are many theories and styles of leadership, therefore, there are many researchers, philosophers, and professors who have studied the issue of leadership theory and styles. What all these people try to do is to differentiate leaders and the rest. Among the models that have been put forward include; situational or contingency, leadership functional trait-based model which is the oldest, Behavioral model and integrated psychology. (Avolio, B., Walumbwa, F., Weber, T. 2009). Trait leadership theory was developed in the 1930s-1940 by Gordon Airport. The theory is based on the idea that leaders have common character traits. Leaders are either born or made. Behavioral leadership theory was developed in the 1940s - 1950s by two major types of research: At Ohio State University and the University of Michigan-led by Dr. Rensis Likert. From this theory, the behavior of effective leaders is different from those of ineffective leaders. They are focused on the relationship as well as task. On the other hand, Contingency by Fred Fiedler in 1960s illustrates that the situation of a leader determines the effectiveness of a leader. Finally, transformational leadership style by James Macgregor Burns in 1970s explains that the morals of the leaders inspire their followers and create a trust (Lutz Allen, S, Smith, JE Da Silva, N 2013 pp.23-42). Faced with the complex nature of issues of the 21st century, leaders are opting to integrate the above leadership styles and others that are related to leadership and stress management (Darling, JR Heller, VL 2011 pp.9-26). According to Bill George, most leaders in the 21st century are focused on ensuring excellent performance during their leadership tenure through aligning people on the mission and values of the organization, empowering people, concentrating on service to the customers and ensuring collaboration throughout the organization. This report will focus on evaluating the leadership style of Sheila Johnson, the co-founder of BET. About Sheila Johnson Sheila Johnson is an African-American who is also part of the ownership of three sports teams in USA (NHL, NBA, and WNBA). Additionally, Sheila Johnson is the co-founder of the Black Entertainment Television (BET), and that is the reason why I choose her to be the leader which I will evaluate. Born in a family that loved music, Johnson learned to play the violin at the age of nine. She showed her entrepreneurial skills since childhood. For instance, she crafted purses from potholders and oatmeal boxes and sold them to the neighbors. She led All-State Choir at a high school in Proviso High School, and she was given a scholarship by the University of Illinois to study music. She was later married to Robert Johnson and in her wedding; she wore a dress she sewed (Biography.com. 2016). After graduation, she moved to Washington to teach violin at Sidwell Friends School and at the same time offering violin lessons at her home. She quit her job later to focus on private lessons only. These experiences taught her to be a business woman. Her husband, on the other hand, secured $500,000 investments from cable TV which allowed Robert, John Malone, and Sheila to co-find their cable TV. Johnson later abandoned her music teaching career to join her husband and worked at BET as head of community relations. Also, she produced her shows such as Teen Summit. Unfortunately, Johnson divorced her husband due to personal and professional differences. Before their divorce, Robert Johnson had sold BET to Viacom. Robert and Johnson are ranked as the wealthiest African-American in America (Biography.com. 2016). After the divorce, Johnson has continued to be a successful business woman in various ways. She has founded Salamander Hospitality, she is the Vice Chair of Monumental Sports and Entertainment, she is the majority shareholder of WNBA, NBA, and NHL, she a documentary and film producer and recently President Barack Obama appointed her to part of the Presidents Committee on the Arts and the Humanities (Biography.com. 2016). Sheila Johnson leadership Sheila Johnson can be called a connector. Since her childhood, she has taken her time to know all people she interacts with. She feels that people enrich her life for example; she once said: No one is ever above anyone else (SUCCESS. 2016). This is one character that made her successful in her businesses. According to Yulk G. (2012 pp. 6685.), this type of character is found in behavioral leadership theory. In the behavior leadership, Sheila Johnson falls under taxonomy of relationship oriented. Such type of leaders has specific traits such as developing, empowering, supporting and recognizing other individuals. Sheila wants to know people that she works with; not to control what they do but to encourage them to work towards the mission of the company. She worked with students by empowering them to be the best musicians. At BET she made friends with janitors and cafeteria workers as a way of motivating them. This is one way of winning staffs according to Tibetan, AE (2012 pp. 313324) . Also, before working together with her husband at BET, she had to resign from her former job to support her husband. This shows her ability to connect with people and make her leadership style successful. The other reason she connects with all kind of people is to create trust. Hannes Leroy Michael E. Palanski and Tony Simons call such type of a leader and authentic leader. According to Michael E. Palanski, Tony Simons and Hannes Leroy (2012 pp. 225264), Authentic leaders interact with other people openly and in a way that is not defensive almost making them vulnerable. This vulnerability engenders followers to trust in the leaders. When trust is created, the leader can then interact with the followers at social and personal level. As this happens, followers get to understand the values, their leaders needs, wants desire and dislikes. This makes followers dedicated to doing their best to satisfy the leader. This is the results that Sheila Johnson wanted to achieve when interacting with janitors and coffee makers at the BET Company which is important in building relations like Deborah Anderson indicates (2012pp. 1521. Priority setter She has operated various businesses at the same time. Currently, she chairs the meetings at Monumental Sports, runs Salamander Hospitality and she is still a mother of two (SUCCESS. 2016). One would wonder how she conducts all these businesses at the same time and making them successful. She says that the secret behind this is setting priorities. Jim Allen McClesky (2014 pp. 117130) sites that these type of leaders fall under the category of situational leadership. Situational leadership theory explains that for leaders to be effective, they need to have the ability to understand the situation and have the appropriate response. This is the same situation that Johnson finds herself in. To deal with all the companies and activities around her, she acts according to the situation and priorities. She says that every week is different but none of the weeks have ever been boring because she must find something to do even if it involves calling her staff in the evening to play games or goin g to visit her children. Situational leadership theory categorizes the behaviours of situational leaders as either task oriented or people focused. This is true when looking at Johnson style of leadership. She connects with everyone for instance the janitors to ensure that she understands them then empowers them. In addition, she is task oriented as she indicates that every Thursday she must hold meetings with various staffs from different companies to understand the progress of each business (SUCCESS. 2016). Johnson looks for needs and opportunities Sheila Johnson is not the type of leader who sits on board or gives out her name to charitable courses. What she does is to pay attention, research and tap her creativity to understand the disparate groups that she can work with for mutual benefits. Tony Simons, Hannes Leroy and Michael E. Palanski research on authentic leaders indicate that authentic leader have three common characteristics; they have self-awareness, they have a balanced procession process and they have a rationale of transparency. On the character of self-awareness, authentic leaders behave in a way that indicates that they are aware of their needs, wants, motivation, preference and wants. This is character that Sheila demonstrated well before joining, after joining and after leaving BET. She always wanted and worked with youths because she knew what she wanted. She left her work to join her ex-husband at BET because she was aware of her preferences. On the basis of balanced processing, an authentic leader analyzes relevant data before coming up with a decision and is not afraid of what other people are saying about her decisions. Sheila doesnt support any group of people or organization whether profit-generating or non-profit oriented without conducting her research. She did research and found out that the majority of vulnerable persons in the society are the youths and women. This is why she focused her charity to the two groups. She was even named as the ambassador of women CARE in 2006. She focused on mentoring the young employees in BET and supporting the young sports men in NHL, NBA and WNBA (SUCCESS. 2016). Michael B. HargisJohn D.Watt and Chris Piotrowski (2011pp. 5166) explanations on transactional and transformational leaders can be used to describe the character of Sheila Johnson. Transactional leaders are those leaders who identify what the followers need and work towards meeting these needs. When working with Teen Summit at BET she realized that the youths who were her followers in her show needed someone to talk to. She opened her arms to receive them. She was surprised one day after giving a platform for the youths to talk and discuss issues affecting them, more than 800 youth volunteered to be tested for HIV. These are the results of motivation; it creates followership according to Adriana Elena EBEIAN (2014 pp.6220. She Maintains competence and cares for the staff Like mentioned earlier, Johnson has many businesses and responsibilities to attend to: She has founded Salamander Hospitality, she is the Vice Chair of Monumental Sports and Entertainment, she is the majority shareholder of WNBA, NBA, and NHL, she a documentary film producer and recently President Barack Obama appointed her by to the Presidents Committee on the Arts and the Humanities. She says that she runs all the duties in a competent manner and she also has supportive staff behind her (SUCCESS. 2016). She can be considered as a servant leader and according to Larry W. Boone and Peter J. Tobin (2012 pp. 8396). Such a leader has five necessary attitudes for him/her to be successful; believing that vision is the beginning of everything and it is not everything, listening is essential to achievement, being committed to the success of the staff, sharing of power and being a builder of the community. These characteristics can be identified in Johnson leadership through the way she makes her staff part of the vision; she empowers all her staff regardless of their position; she takes time with her employees and followers such as youths to listen to their issues. Finally, she is committed to community building through empowering women, starting hospitality organization as well as empowering the youths. Giving back Sheila Johnson is steadfast at the act of giving back to the community. She says that one cannot be successful in business until he/she learns to reach out to others. She says that she focuses on two major themes in her life; improving the lives of the disadvantaged and inspiring those that have been inspired to go out and help someone else. She says that these can be achieved regardless of ones financial status. I dont think you have to have money to give back; giving your time is also giving back, she once said (SUCCESS. 2016). According to Sherry H. Penney (2011 pp. 5562), leaders in the 21st century are more concerned in organizations that make a profit and even more; those that practice corporate social responsibility. If modern leaders have some characteristics like mentioned above, they are effective in their leadership and have a promise of future leadership. This is what can be said about Sheila Johnson who believes in giving back and has dedicated much of her resources and time to help the disadvantaged in the society. How I would lead differently According to Sherry H. Penney (2011 pp. 5562) generation Y and X leaders are faced with the challenge of advanced technology. Most of the leaders we have today may not lead in a few years to come if they do not take up the task of learning the modern technology. Sheila Johnson has related well with the staff because that is what is required today. However, she has not inspired her staff to learn more about modern technology. In future, she might lose these staff due to lack of expertise. If I were in her position, I would be more focused on empowering the youths to learn more about the modern technology so that they can be effective leaders in future. I would also integrate modern technology in my organization such as instead of holding physical meeting, I would start to introduce online meetings. This could be one way of showing my followers that they should be keep in toe with the modern technology. Conclusion Although there is no a standard or specific way to define who a leader is, most researchers agree that the definition of leadership should have some concepts such as the process of influence and the relevant outcomes of the influence. There are theories that describe effective leaders such as trait-based model, situational or contingency leadership, Behavioral model functional and integrated psychology. Leaders in the 21st-century combine styles mentioned above as well as integrating leadership that deals with current issues. Sheila Johnson is one of the effective leaders in the 21st century. She is the co-founder of BET and co-owner of WNBA, NBA, and NHL. Currently, the runs Salamander Hospitality, she is the Vice Chair of Monumental Sports and Entertainment, she is the majority owner of WNBA, NBA, and NHL, she a documentary film producer and recently President Barack Obama appointed her to the Presidents Committee on the Arts and the Humanities. Some of the traits she uses in her leadership include connecting with people, ensuring that she is competent and cares about the staff, Johnson looks for needs and opportunities, she a priority setter and believes in giving back to the community. One thing that she has not done that I would do to improve her leadership style is integrating modern technology and empowering my followers towards the same. 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